High Resolution Anoscopy (HRA)

• Anoscopy may be recommended if you have:

  • Abnormal anal cytology or HPV detected in the anal canal 
  • Visible lesions on the peri-anal skin
  • A history of anal cancer or pre-cancerous cell changes in the anal canal 
  • A history of recurrent HPV in the lower genital tract

Anoscopy can help identify:

• HPV-related lesions

• Atypical tissue changes or dysplasia

• Suspicious areas requiring biopsy

• Changes consistent with early anal cancer

• Sources of bleeding that may indicate underlying pathology

It is an essential tool in the assessment of patients at risk of anal cancer.

Most patients tolerate anoscopy very well.
The examination is brief—typically only a few minutes. You may feel pressure or mild discomfort, but it should not be painful. Your clinician will adjust or pause if needed.

• A small instrument called an anoscope is gently inserted a short distance into the anal canal.

• A light source allows the clinician to visualise the area clearly.
• Special solutions are applied to the anal canal. These solutions create patterns on the surface of the anal canal and allow for any changes related to HPV infection to become visible

Generally, no preparation is needed.
Occasionally, a small enema may be recommended for clearer visualisation. Your clinician will advise individually.

You should seek medical advice if you have:

• Persistent or unexplained rectal bleeding

• Pain associated with suspicious lesions

• Visible growths or warts

• A history of abnormal cytology

• Previous anal cancer or high-grade dysplasia

• Known high-risk HPV infection

Early assessment allows timely identification and appropriate intervention.

• A comprehensive assessment of your symptoms and medical history
• Urine testing and diagnostic investigations if needed
• A clear, personalised treatment plan
• Practical advice and ongoing support to help prevent future infections